在林肯站上演讲台的时候,有一位态度傲慢的参议员站起来说:“林肯先生,在你开始演讲之前,我希望你记往,你是一个鞋匠的儿子。”所有的参议员都大笑起来,为自己虽然不能打败林肯却能羞辱他而开怀不已。
林肯等到大家的笑声歇止,他说:“我非常感激你使我想起我的父亲,他已经过世了,我一定会永远记住你的忠告,我永远是鞋匠的儿子,我知道我作总统永远无法像我父亲作鞋匠做得那么好。”
1963年8月23日,马丁·路德·金组织了美国历史上影响深远的“自由进军”运动.他率领一支庞大的游行队伍向首都华盛顿进军,为全美国的黑人争取人权.他在林肯纪念堂前向25万人发表了著名的演说《我有一个梦想》,为反对种族歧视、争取平等发出呼号.马丁·路德·金1964年获诺贝尔和平奖.1968年4月4日他在田纳西州被暗杀.
在演说中,他说出了著名的平等口号:
我梦想有一天,这个国家将会奋起,实现其立国信条的真谛:“我们认为这些真理不证自明:人人生而平等.”
president in 1860 on the Republican ticket.The Republicans were a nascent party composed largely of abolitionists who took advantage of the regional discord that divided the more established Democratic party.With the weakest mandate ever enjoyed by an American president,Abraham Lincoln was faced with the daunting challenge to resolve the dual question of secession and slavery.
When South Carolina left the Union six weeks after Lincoln's election,and fired on federal forces at Fort Sumter four months later,the Civil War that had been so long in coming had finally arrived.Before the end of Lincoln's presidency,secession would be quelled and the institution of slavery crippled.But in the bargain,Lincoln would be deprived of his life,and the United States would be forever altered,strengthened just as it was devastated by the bloodiest war the nation has ever known.
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